For what feels like forever I have been working through the 11/6/15 revision of the negotiating text of the Ad-Hoc Working Group on the Durban Platform (ADP). However despite all my efforts I have only succeeded in getting as far as Section E.
In selecting the options from the text that I did I am trying to create a system whereby nations submit Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDC's) that cover both their mitigation and the adaptation actions. These submission will then be subjected to a non-binding peer review process.
The purpose of this ex ante review is to establish whether a nation's intended actions are achievable and whether they are fair and ambitious in the context of the long term goals of the agreement. However the ex ante review is also intended to build capacity by allowing nations to see what each other are doing and hopefully learn from other's examples.
So while I fully understand that Section F dealing with finance and technology transfer is vitally important with so much of the success of the agreement resting on the review process it is only logical that I deal with that first.
The problem is that the current negotiating text has not been written with a view to creating the type of system I envisage. So instead of having a section dedicated to the review process it has sections dealing with transparency, timeframes, processes and other matters that manage to be both excessively long and excessively vague while trying to address each nation's specific negotiating position within the context of a workable legal instrument.
Therefore if I am going to recommend language that addresses many of these matters - particularly transparency - in a workable peer review process I am going to have to write it myself. It turns out though that I am woefully under-qualified for this task. Therefore it is my hope that actual parties to the agreement will also address the problem - ideally in time for the October meeting.
Before anyone addresses the language of the agreement though they first need to think about how the review process will work;
The only way I can think of it working is for the secretariat to divide the nations into working groups. This creates the obvious question of how many groups there will be and how many parties will be in each group? Based on 160 signatories to the convention the obvious answer would be 13 groups of 13. However depending on the workload of each group and how long they have to complete the task it may be better to have a higher number of smaller groups each reviewing a smaller number of submissions.
Once it's been decided how many groups there will be there is then the question of how each nation will be assigned to each group. Will it been an entirely random process or do we want to weight the groups so they evenly represent geographic regions, economic development or the designated blocs within the convention such as Small Island Developing States (SIDS). This distributed approach will obviously aid with capacity building with more capable nations being forced to work with less capable ones.
Then there is the question of whether we take wider political rivalries into account when assigning the working groups. For example at the moment I think that a group containing both the US and Russia or a group containing both Saudi Arabia and Iran might struggle to complete its task.
Once the groups has been established there is a question of which submissions they review. Does each group review the submissions of its members in a sort of round-table or are they assigned submissions by the secretariat? If they're assigned them is this process random or again weighted to distribute submissions based on criteria to be determined? If submissions are assigned by the secretariat should there be a rule that prevents a group reviewing a submission of one of it's members?
How the submissions are divided also poses the question of whether all submissions should be reviewed by the groups or should some be reviewed by the working groups while the secretariat reviews the others? If all submissions are to be reviewed by the working groups should the secretariat also be able to conduct it's own review of submissions either through random selection or at the submitters request? A review by the secretariat could of course produce a very different outcome to review by the working group.
Then there is the question of how long the review process should take. I think 12 months is broadly sufficient but that will obviously depend on the workload placed on each group.
In terms of the scope of the review process I think the fundamental principle that will keep it as a scientific rather then a political process is that the findings of the review are strictly non-binding. That grants the process the freedom to grow and develop as it is carried out over the 80-100 years of the agreement. However I do think there needs to be language in the agreement confirming that the primary process of the exercise is to establish whether a submission is viable and how it relates to the ambition of the agreement.
In order to assist with the next round of submissions I think there also needs to be an ex post review process at around the 5 year mark to assess the progress each submission is making. I think the ex post review can use the same format as the ex ante review but that's a question that still needs to considered. For example if the same format is used does that mean the same group that performed the ex ante review performs the ex post review.
In recent days we've provided with a prime example of the advantages of a rigorous ex ante review process in the form of the Volkswagen emissions testing scandal.
To people familiar with climate change negotiations this is hardly a surprise because there is a wide acceptance that if you create a system whereby people can gain an advantage by cheating that system then that is exactly what they will do.
For example creating a similar splash at the recent September meeting there was a report by the Stockholm Environment Institute that nations such of Russia were able to generate some 400 tonnes of carbon credits by fraudulently over-estimating the reductions from processes such as mining coal waste piles. It almost goes without saying that Russia is not keen on any form of peer review process.
Although it has been exposed prior to the new agreement coming into force the Volkswagen scandal would be covered by the US' INDC which intends to reduce emissions by 28% from the 2005 baseline by 2030 by in part by introducing tougher restrictions on vehicle emissions.
Depending on how much detail their peers wish to go into as part of the review process the US would not only be asked how this proposed new law would be introduced but how it would be enforced. This would require them to provide details of their testing regime which is already available to any manufacturer who wants to sell vehicles in the US. Although it is more difficult with things like power stations or forests the group reviewing the US' submission could then conduct their own version of the US test on a range of vehicles to see if there are any anomalies.
This is actually how the Volkswagen scandal was uncovered with a private testing company carrying out its own emission tests on Volkswagens and discovering that time and time again their results did not match the US government's results.
The Volkswagen scandal also raises questions about compliance. If this new agreement does impose financial penalties for missing reduction targets as I think it should and the US misses it's target then the US would be forced to pay a fine. However because the failure was caused by Volkswagen defrauding the US government then the US could recover the cost of any fine from Volkswagen.
20:40 on 24/9/15 (UK date).
Thursday, 24 September 2015
Worst. Hajj. Ever.
Today at least 717 Muslim pilgrims have been killed and around 860 have been injured during a stampede at the Mina valley just outside Mecca, Saudi Arabia where they were gathering as part of the annual Hajj pilgrimage. This is the worst loss of life during Hajj since a similar stampede claimed the lives of 1,426 pilgrims in 1994 and the death toll may yet rise to exceed that total.
This comes on Eid al-Adha which is the second most important festival in Islam. Although only Muslims celebrate it on such a large scale Eid al-Adha (Feast of Sacrifice) marks an event that should be familiar to all Jews, Christians and Muslims - what is sometimes referred to as "The Binding of Isaac" as told in the book of Genesis.
In the story God instructs Abraham to to take his son Isaac to a mountain and kill him in sacrifice to show his devotion to God. This obviously prompts Abraham to have something of a crisis of faith and he spends a lot of time on the mountain trying to decide whether his devotion to God is greater then his devotion to his son. Eventually Abraham decides to go ahead with the sacrifice but just as he is about to do the deed God appears to him - in the form of a bush trapping a ram - and tells him to sacrifice the ram instead because he has already proved his devotion to God by showing that he is prepared to kill his son.
Jews believe that this all occurred on what is now known as the Temple Mount/Al Asqa site in Jerusalem. To honour Abraham's commitment to God the first Jewish Temple was built there - hence the term "Temple Mount." Some Christian's agree with this while other claim that it actually occurred on Mount Calvary where Jesus was crucified - an act they believe was God reciprocating Abraham's devotion by sacrificing his own son - Jesus - to say humans from their sins.
However Muslims believe that this all occurred in the Mina valley which conveniently stands between Mecca where the Prophet Muhammad was born and Mount Arafat where Muhammad delivered his last sermon at the end of the first Hajj.
Muslims also believe that while Abraham was wrestling with his faith the Devil appeared and urged him to defy God by not killing his son. Some 2,500 years before his birth the Prophet Muhammad is said to have also appeared and cast the devil away by pelting him with stones. I though think that is artistic license helping to personify Abraham's internal struggle for the audience.
As part of the Hajj pilgrimage Muslims mark this casting out of the Devil by throwing rocks at three pillars in the Mina valley. It is at this point that today's stampede occurred.
This latest tragedy comes just two weeks after 118 Muslim pilgrims were killed and 394 injured when a crane operated by the Bin Laden construction company collapsed onto Mecca's Grand Mosque during a freak thunder storm of September 11th (11/9/15). This prompted something of a metaphysical crisis because certainly since 2010 Saudi Arabia has been using the terrorist tactics of Osama bin Laden to rebuild the Muslim world in its own image in order to consolidate the power of Saudi Arabia's ruling al-Saud family.
The crane collapse could have been an entirely random act. It could also have been the natural environment through the quantum field protesting the al-Saud's objection to action to prevent climate change. However it could also have been a sign from God and if it could be a sign from God it could also be a sign from the Devil impersonating God.
Therefore it is my suspicion that the al-Saud's intentionally caused today's stampede in order to trick Muslims into thinking that it was a sign from God that the crane collapse was a sign from the Devil and they should continue to be prepared to sacrifice their children for 'gods' cause. After all while we talk a lot about the fate of the Yezidi and the Druze at the hands of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) the overwhelming majority of people ISIL are slaughtering are Muslims and in Saudi Arabia's war against Yemen it is only Muslim who are being slaughtered.
If you think that sounds a bit wacky then if you've been following the recent developments in the "Baby Doe" case out of Boston, Massachusetts, US or the Nickcole Dykema case out of Brooksville, Florida, US you may have got the impression that certain bets were being taken on how long it would take the al-Sauds to blame the Bin Laden crane collapse on witchcraft. After all they do believe the Sun revolves around the Earth.
In terms of the mechanics of causing a stampede when you have that many people all whipped up into a sort of religious delirium being crammed into a space that is far too small for them the challenge is normally to avoid a stampede. This type of event is actually very common amongst Indian Hindus because all it takes is one person to push, one person to slip or one person to panic.
However Saudi Arabia has indicated that it was poorly disciplined Shia pilgrims from Iran that caused the disaster. Iran has countered by accusing Sunni Saudi Arabia of closing three of five routes causing a bottle-neck at the cross-roads where the stampede began.
16:45 on 24/9/15 (UK date).
This comes on Eid al-Adha which is the second most important festival in Islam. Although only Muslims celebrate it on such a large scale Eid al-Adha (Feast of Sacrifice) marks an event that should be familiar to all Jews, Christians and Muslims - what is sometimes referred to as "The Binding of Isaac" as told in the book of Genesis.
In the story God instructs Abraham to to take his son Isaac to a mountain and kill him in sacrifice to show his devotion to God. This obviously prompts Abraham to have something of a crisis of faith and he spends a lot of time on the mountain trying to decide whether his devotion to God is greater then his devotion to his son. Eventually Abraham decides to go ahead with the sacrifice but just as he is about to do the deed God appears to him - in the form of a bush trapping a ram - and tells him to sacrifice the ram instead because he has already proved his devotion to God by showing that he is prepared to kill his son.
Jews believe that this all occurred on what is now known as the Temple Mount/Al Asqa site in Jerusalem. To honour Abraham's commitment to God the first Jewish Temple was built there - hence the term "Temple Mount." Some Christian's agree with this while other claim that it actually occurred on Mount Calvary where Jesus was crucified - an act they believe was God reciprocating Abraham's devotion by sacrificing his own son - Jesus - to say humans from their sins.
However Muslims believe that this all occurred in the Mina valley which conveniently stands between Mecca where the Prophet Muhammad was born and Mount Arafat where Muhammad delivered his last sermon at the end of the first Hajj.
Muslims also believe that while Abraham was wrestling with his faith the Devil appeared and urged him to defy God by not killing his son. Some 2,500 years before his birth the Prophet Muhammad is said to have also appeared and cast the devil away by pelting him with stones. I though think that is artistic license helping to personify Abraham's internal struggle for the audience.
As part of the Hajj pilgrimage Muslims mark this casting out of the Devil by throwing rocks at three pillars in the Mina valley. It is at this point that today's stampede occurred.
This latest tragedy comes just two weeks after 118 Muslim pilgrims were killed and 394 injured when a crane operated by the Bin Laden construction company collapsed onto Mecca's Grand Mosque during a freak thunder storm of September 11th (11/9/15). This prompted something of a metaphysical crisis because certainly since 2010 Saudi Arabia has been using the terrorist tactics of Osama bin Laden to rebuild the Muslim world in its own image in order to consolidate the power of Saudi Arabia's ruling al-Saud family.
The crane collapse could have been an entirely random act. It could also have been the natural environment through the quantum field protesting the al-Saud's objection to action to prevent climate change. However it could also have been a sign from God and if it could be a sign from God it could also be a sign from the Devil impersonating God.
Therefore it is my suspicion that the al-Saud's intentionally caused today's stampede in order to trick Muslims into thinking that it was a sign from God that the crane collapse was a sign from the Devil and they should continue to be prepared to sacrifice their children for 'gods' cause. After all while we talk a lot about the fate of the Yezidi and the Druze at the hands of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) the overwhelming majority of people ISIL are slaughtering are Muslims and in Saudi Arabia's war against Yemen it is only Muslim who are being slaughtered.
If you think that sounds a bit wacky then if you've been following the recent developments in the "Baby Doe" case out of Boston, Massachusetts, US or the Nickcole Dykema case out of Brooksville, Florida, US you may have got the impression that certain bets were being taken on how long it would take the al-Sauds to blame the Bin Laden crane collapse on witchcraft. After all they do believe the Sun revolves around the Earth.
In terms of the mechanics of causing a stampede when you have that many people all whipped up into a sort of religious delirium being crammed into a space that is far too small for them the challenge is normally to avoid a stampede. This type of event is actually very common amongst Indian Hindus because all it takes is one person to push, one person to slip or one person to panic.
However Saudi Arabia has indicated that it was poorly disciplined Shia pilgrims from Iran that caused the disaster. Iran has countered by accusing Sunni Saudi Arabia of closing three of five routes causing a bottle-neck at the cross-roads where the stampede began.
16:45 on 24/9/15 (UK date).
Tuesday, 22 September 2015
Hungary's Illegal Migration Moves.
In my post yesterday on the fight against the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) I examined how Hungary's treatment of refugees created by the conflict fitted in with both European Union (EU) and wider international law.
Weirdly that was a lot easier to research then, say, what type of meeting the EU held last Monday (14/9/15) or how many US intelligence analysts have complained their reports on ISIL have been re-written to fit US President Barack Obama's political narrative. However by the time I got around to including it in the post I was in a bit of a rush and I'm worried I might have got a bit bogged down in technical detail rather then making my point as clearly as I wanted to.
Last Monday (14/9/15) Hungary implemented a new immigration law which amongst other measures created the offence of entering the country without permission which is punishable by up to 3 years imprisonment, immediate deportation or both. By Tuesday (15/9/15) Hungary had successfully arrested and prosecuted the first person - an Iraqi man - of this new offence and more then 300 prosecutions are under way.
The problem with this is that as part of its EU membership Hungary is a signatory to the 1951 Convention on the Status of Refugees and the 1967 protocol that amended it. Article 3 of this convention makes quite clear that no state can punish someone for entering its borders without permission unless it first establishes that they are not eligible for refugee status.
This is a legal process that can ultimately end up not only in a nation's highest Court but also international Courts such as the International Court of Justice or the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR). Article 16 of the convention makes quite clear that during this process the irregular migrant must be afforded the same legal protections of a citizen of the country.
Although it is separate and much older the key piece of legislation used by the EU and its members such as Hungary to determine legal protections is the 1953 European Convention on Human Rights. Article 6 of that convention lays out the legal protections that must be afforded to someone accused of a crime. These include the right to a fair and impartial tribunal, the presumption of innocence - which in a case like this means assuming that an irregular migrant is a refugee until proven otherwise - and adequate time and facilities to prepare their case.
Yesterday I used the example of how the UK's "Detained Fast Track" (DFT) asylum system had been ruled unlawful because it denied applicants sufficient time and facilities to prepare their case amongst other things. However I should point out that case - Detention Action V Secretary of State for the Home Department & Equality and Human Rights Commission (2015) - was actually ruled on by the UK High Court rather then the ECHR. However as one of the UK's main reasons for wanting to withdraw from the EU is that doing so would allow it to withdraw from the 'tyranny' of the ECHR it is unlikely the ECHR will view the British Court as being too lenient in the matter.
In order to give you a more accurate picture of what is and isn't allowed in an asylum process as per Article 6 I will have to go through every single ruling the ECHR has made on what is a highly specialised area of law. Access to all those previous judgements - in my native language - is actually one of the facilities that Hungary will have to provide to every single refugee (presumption of innocence) in its country.
The issue of "sufficient time" is always a grey area because while 28 days may be sufficient for a simple case it might be wholly insufficient for a more complex case. However as there is no grey area in the wording of the convention on the matters Hungary will also have to provide each refugee with both a lawyer and an interpreter to help them prepare their case.
You would think then that rather then taking on the burden of complying with the EU's laws and values all by themselves Hungary would be biting the EU's hand off to be given the option of simply accepting a quota of people who had already had their refugee status confirmed and came with extra funding to look after them.
This brings me back to the idea of selecting refugees in the camps in or next too Iraq/Syria and then transporting them into the EU for distribution under the quota system. Aside from allowing them to be security checked this would also allow the EU to process their asylum claims before the enter the EU.
Immediately this would simplify many of the cases because many applicants could simply yet the binoculars out and go; "You see that village over there that's on fire. Well that's what I'm claiming asylum from." Also establishing 'refugee consulates' would allow the EU to consult with the ECHR to make sure that the refugee's Article 6 rights are being protected. Given the simplicity of many of the cases I think that email/phone contact with an immigration lawyer selected from a dedicated pool would be sufficient.
The other main advantage of doing it this way is that if any irregular migrant opting not to use this system and instead making the journey themselves could immediately be deported back to the local camps to start the process at the bottom of the queue.
Whilst I've been writing this EU interior/home ministers have been holding an emergency meeting on the refugee issue. Although Finland abstained 23 nations voted in favour of the proposed 120,000 quota that doesn't include the plan to transport the refugees directly while 4 (Romania, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Hungary) voted against.
Although traditionally the EU only introduces policy by consensus my understanding is this majority vote means the plan will go into action and the Romania, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Hungary can be forced to accept refugees.
However the matter still needs to be voted on by an emergency meeting of EU leaders tomorrow so I suspect more clarity will emerge then.
17:25 on 22/9/15 (UK date).
Weirdly that was a lot easier to research then, say, what type of meeting the EU held last Monday (14/9/15) or how many US intelligence analysts have complained their reports on ISIL have been re-written to fit US President Barack Obama's political narrative. However by the time I got around to including it in the post I was in a bit of a rush and I'm worried I might have got a bit bogged down in technical detail rather then making my point as clearly as I wanted to.
Last Monday (14/9/15) Hungary implemented a new immigration law which amongst other measures created the offence of entering the country without permission which is punishable by up to 3 years imprisonment, immediate deportation or both. By Tuesday (15/9/15) Hungary had successfully arrested and prosecuted the first person - an Iraqi man - of this new offence and more then 300 prosecutions are under way.
The problem with this is that as part of its EU membership Hungary is a signatory to the 1951 Convention on the Status of Refugees and the 1967 protocol that amended it. Article 3 of this convention makes quite clear that no state can punish someone for entering its borders without permission unless it first establishes that they are not eligible for refugee status.
This is a legal process that can ultimately end up not only in a nation's highest Court but also international Courts such as the International Court of Justice or the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR). Article 16 of the convention makes quite clear that during this process the irregular migrant must be afforded the same legal protections of a citizen of the country.
Although it is separate and much older the key piece of legislation used by the EU and its members such as Hungary to determine legal protections is the 1953 European Convention on Human Rights. Article 6 of that convention lays out the legal protections that must be afforded to someone accused of a crime. These include the right to a fair and impartial tribunal, the presumption of innocence - which in a case like this means assuming that an irregular migrant is a refugee until proven otherwise - and adequate time and facilities to prepare their case.
Yesterday I used the example of how the UK's "Detained Fast Track" (DFT) asylum system had been ruled unlawful because it denied applicants sufficient time and facilities to prepare their case amongst other things. However I should point out that case - Detention Action V Secretary of State for the Home Department & Equality and Human Rights Commission (2015) - was actually ruled on by the UK High Court rather then the ECHR. However as one of the UK's main reasons for wanting to withdraw from the EU is that doing so would allow it to withdraw from the 'tyranny' of the ECHR it is unlikely the ECHR will view the British Court as being too lenient in the matter.
In order to give you a more accurate picture of what is and isn't allowed in an asylum process as per Article 6 I will have to go through every single ruling the ECHR has made on what is a highly specialised area of law. Access to all those previous judgements - in my native language - is actually one of the facilities that Hungary will have to provide to every single refugee (presumption of innocence) in its country.
The issue of "sufficient time" is always a grey area because while 28 days may be sufficient for a simple case it might be wholly insufficient for a more complex case. However as there is no grey area in the wording of the convention on the matters Hungary will also have to provide each refugee with both a lawyer and an interpreter to help them prepare their case.
You would think then that rather then taking on the burden of complying with the EU's laws and values all by themselves Hungary would be biting the EU's hand off to be given the option of simply accepting a quota of people who had already had their refugee status confirmed and came with extra funding to look after them.
This brings me back to the idea of selecting refugees in the camps in or next too Iraq/Syria and then transporting them into the EU for distribution under the quota system. Aside from allowing them to be security checked this would also allow the EU to process their asylum claims before the enter the EU.
Immediately this would simplify many of the cases because many applicants could simply yet the binoculars out and go; "You see that village over there that's on fire. Well that's what I'm claiming asylum from." Also establishing 'refugee consulates' would allow the EU to consult with the ECHR to make sure that the refugee's Article 6 rights are being protected. Given the simplicity of many of the cases I think that email/phone contact with an immigration lawyer selected from a dedicated pool would be sufficient.
The other main advantage of doing it this way is that if any irregular migrant opting not to use this system and instead making the journey themselves could immediately be deported back to the local camps to start the process at the bottom of the queue.
Whilst I've been writing this EU interior/home ministers have been holding an emergency meeting on the refugee issue. Although Finland abstained 23 nations voted in favour of the proposed 120,000 quota that doesn't include the plan to transport the refugees directly while 4 (Romania, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Hungary) voted against.
Although traditionally the EU only introduces policy by consensus my understanding is this majority vote means the plan will go into action and the Romania, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Hungary can be forced to accept refugees.
However the matter still needs to be voted on by an emergency meeting of EU leaders tomorrow so I suspect more clarity will emerge then.
17:25 on 22/9/15 (UK date).
Medical Dramas
A couple of weeks ago I was complaining that I couldn't make an appointment to see my doctor despite being sent a letter insisting that I make an appointment to discuss some blood test results. I really only brought this up to highlight how bad the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) must be for the UK - given it's own questionable record on human rights - to think that they've gone too far.
Today I finally did have an appointment with my doctor to discuss those blood test results. Annoyingly I didn't get to bring up the issue of the surgery's booking system because I think that's the sort of thing best discussed in person and it's the sort of the small problem I can probably solve while taking a break from thinking about much more complex problems.
Basically the issue with the blood tests is that they showed ever so slightly elevated cholesterol and slightly reduced liver function. The next step is to have the tests re-done because the results are within the margin of error rather then a cause for concern. Prior to getting the tests done you are supposed to fast for at 12 hours. Just after getting them done I realised I'd only fasted for around 10 hours. If the new results show the same issue the treatment option is lose weight by taking more exercise. I'm already on top of that.
Whilst getting those tests done I'll also get blood tests for gout done because I did have a suspected flare up in early July. This actually worked out quite well because it pretty much forced me to sit at my desk and work on the climate change stuff. Even if that was gout it might not show up on the test because I certainly don't have any current problems. With two suspected flare ups in 18 months and an extensive family history I think it's something I need to check out though.
As I'm putting my medical records online I should point out that all these blood tests will be done at my local Croydon University Hospital (CUH). Today the UK announced that Cambridge University Hospital (CUH) will be placed under special administrative measures. On the day of an emergency European Union COuncil (EUCO) meeting that will no doubt touch on the issue of refugee's human rights this seems to be the UK making clear that there will be no more problems regarding CUH.
After all this really shouldn't have been an issue. But it suddenly became one.
12:45 on 22/9/15 (UK date).
Today I finally did have an appointment with my doctor to discuss those blood test results. Annoyingly I didn't get to bring up the issue of the surgery's booking system because I think that's the sort of thing best discussed in person and it's the sort of the small problem I can probably solve while taking a break from thinking about much more complex problems.
Basically the issue with the blood tests is that they showed ever so slightly elevated cholesterol and slightly reduced liver function. The next step is to have the tests re-done because the results are within the margin of error rather then a cause for concern. Prior to getting the tests done you are supposed to fast for at 12 hours. Just after getting them done I realised I'd only fasted for around 10 hours. If the new results show the same issue the treatment option is lose weight by taking more exercise. I'm already on top of that.
Whilst getting those tests done I'll also get blood tests for gout done because I did have a suspected flare up in early July. This actually worked out quite well because it pretty much forced me to sit at my desk and work on the climate change stuff. Even if that was gout it might not show up on the test because I certainly don't have any current problems. With two suspected flare ups in 18 months and an extensive family history I think it's something I need to check out though.
As I'm putting my medical records online I should point out that all these blood tests will be done at my local Croydon University Hospital (CUH). Today the UK announced that Cambridge University Hospital (CUH) will be placed under special administrative measures. On the day of an emergency European Union COuncil (EUCO) meeting that will no doubt touch on the issue of refugee's human rights this seems to be the UK making clear that there will be no more problems regarding CUH.
After all this really shouldn't have been an issue. But it suddenly became one.
12:45 on 22/9/15 (UK date).
Monday, 21 September 2015
Operation Featherweight: Month 14, Week 4, Day 4.
On Friday (18/9/15) night through to Saturday (19/9/15) 75 US backed insurgents crossed into Syria's Aleppo province via from Turkey. Exact details what US supplied equipment these carried with them are hard to come by it is believed they travelled in 12 machine gun armed pick-up trucks (Technicals) carrying ammunition and advanced guided anti-tank missiles such as the BGM-71 TOW system.
Some of these fighters are believed to be members of the Division 30 (D30) group while others are suspected of being members of the Falcons of the Mountains/Suqur al-Jabal group. If this is the case then it is extremely alarming that the US is supporting such a group because they are closely linked with the Falcons of the Levant/Suqur al-Sham that went on to become the Islamic Movement of the Freemen of the Levant/Harakat Ahrar ash-Sham al-Islamiyya. Sharing obvious ideological similarities with the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) FML are the second largest faction within the Army of Conquest/Jaish al-Fatah (JAF) alongside Al Qaeda's Syrian affiliate Al Nusra Front (ANF).
The timing of this announcement really couldn't have come at a more embarrassing moment for the US. On Wednesday (16/9/15) General Lloyd Austin who commands US Central Command (CENTCOM) which in turn commands the US-led coalition - Combined Joint Task Force: Operation Inherent Resolve (CJTFOIR) - was forced to inform the US Senate Armed Services Committee that the US' backed anti-ISIL ground force which was supposed to number 4 to 5,000 by this point in fact numbered just 4 to 5.
The main reason for that General Austin had been asked to testify was to answer long standing allegations that much like the intelligence dossier that led to the 2003 invasion of Iraq CENTCOM's intelligence reports into Syria and ISIL had been "Sexed Up."
Essentially the allegation is that even as far back as 2012 the White House made clear to CENTCOM that US President Barack Obama had no interest in reading reports that contradicted his claim that there had been a popular uprising rather then a foreign backed insurgency against the Syrian government or showed that his anti-ISIL strategy was failing.
As such more then 50 intelligence analysts have formally complained that their reports were re-written at the command level to reflect Obama's political position rather then the actual situation. In response to these complaints it is said that several analysts were instructed to resign. The matter is currently under investigation by the Department of Defence's Inspector Generals Office.
Aside from the war itself there is the refugee crisis that it has created which the European Union (EU) is chaotically struggling to deal with.
On Monday (14/9/15) Interior Ministers from EU nations held an emergency meeting in Brussels, Belgium. This meeting agreed in principle for the EU to accept 120,000 refugees from Syria and distribute them in quotas across the 28 EU member states. Despite not being a member of the EU on Friday (18/9/15) Switzerland stepped up to do it's part announcing that it would accept 1,500 refugees as part of the quote system.
If this EU quota system were to get up and running in practice the next step would be to adopt the British plan of accepting the refugees directly from camps in or on the border with Syria. The main advantage of this approach is that it would remove the need for the refugees to make the crossing into Syria themselves removing the need to people smugglers.
With us all being familiar with the photographs of Aylan Kurdi drowned on a Turkish beach I don't think I need to explain how dangerous this journey is. However on Friday (18/9/15) another Syrian of about 4 or 5 washed up drowned on another Turkish beach and on Saturday (19/9/15) yet another 5 year old girl was found drowned on a beach on the Greek island of Lesbos on the otherside of the Aegean Sea. The death toll of refugees making that crossing currently stands at around 8 per day, every day. As we move towards winter and the rougher seas it brings that death toll is only going to increase.
The other main advantage of accepting refugees directly from the camps is that it allows them to be screened before they ever set foot within the EU. In the first instance this allows us to make sure that they are actually refugees fleeing persecution and war rather then economic migrants who are simply trying to cheat the system.
It also allows for background/security checks to be performed in order to make sure that no terrorist fighters are disguising themselves as refugees in order to carry out attacks in the EU. Although I think the risk of this has been massively overstated - particularly in the US - it is both prudent a necessary to carry out such checks and over the weekend we were given a prime example of why.
You may remember that on September 9th (9/9/15) the world was shocked when footage emerged showing a Hungarian journalist kicking a Syrian refugee - Osama Abdul Mohsen - who was carrying his 8 year old son to the ground. Despite being sacked from the news channel she worked for the camerawoman - Petra Laszlo - took to Facebook to claim that all the Hungarian people supported her. She signed off the statement with the words' "Heil Hitler."
As part of the outrage Abdul Mosen and his family were not only granted entry to Spain but the giants of the football world Real Madrid offered him a job at their training academy. On Saturday (19/9/15) the 8 year son - Ziad - was welcomed onto the pitch ahead of the game against Granada by global superstar Christiano Ronaldo.
It has since emerged that Osama Abdul Mohsen is not a refugee. Instead he is a fighter for ANF who fought in many battles against the Kurdish People's Protection Forces (YPG) - most notably in the battles of Serekanyie. He only fled from Syria following the YPG's liberation of the town of Tel Abyad in June. As such he is most certainly not a refugee entitled to asylum.
Unfortunately the UK has spent the last year campaigning against the EU in an effort to get it to scrap its protections on things like human rights and workers rights. So despite having a good idea rather then working within the EU to make this idea official policy the UK is instead using it's opt out from the quota system rather then counting the 20,000 Syrian refugees it is accepting towards its quota of around 5,000.
The much more significant barrier to an EU-wide response to the the refugee crisis though is the refusal to participate by Hungary, Poland, Slovakia and the Czech Republic. Unlike the UK exercising it's opt out these nations refusal prevents the program becoming policy and therefore any EU nation taking part.
Hungary's resistance to a common EU refugee policy has been particularly aggressive. On Monday (14/9/15) Hungary completed a massive fence along its border with Serbia and implemented new laws that made it illegal to enter the country without a visa. On Wednesday (16/9/15) this new policy exploded into violence as Hungarian police used tear gas, stun grenades, water cannon and armoured vehicles to attack refugees who had become trapped on the Serbia side of the border.
This Hungarian policy is wholly illegal under both EU and wider international law.
The EU is defined by its constitution as a union of members who share the values of human dignity, freedom, democracy, equality, the rule of law and respect for human rights (Article I-2). On the issue of asylum the constitution further defines these shared values as being in accordance with the 1951 Geneva Convention on the Status of Refugees as interpreted by the European Court of Human Rights (Article II-78).
Article 31 (1) of the 1951 convention prohibits nations from imposing penalties on refugees for entering their country illegally. Hungary's law imposing a two year prison sentence for illegal entry by refugees is clearly in violation of this article. Instead what Hungary must do is conduct an investigation/hearing to determine if the person is a refugee as defined by the 1967 revision to Article 1 of the convention. Under Article 16 of convention the person must be granted the full legal protections of any citizen during that investigation/hearing. In an EU member state that means the 1953 European Convention on Human Rights.
Article 6 of the 1953 convention lays out the rights of a fair trial/hearing and these include being granted adequate time and facilities to prepare their case. In June 2015 the UK governments policy of fast-track asylum policy was ruled to be illegal under the act because detention denied applicants the facilities to prepare their cases and the assessment based on a single interview was deemed insufficient for applicants to present their case. Therefore Hungary's system of detaining and then deporting asylum seekers after a single interview is equally illegal.
As such if Hungary continues with these policies it could be deemed to be in breach of the EU's values. Under Article I-59 of the constitution this could lead to Hungary being suspended from the EU. This would mean that any financial aid that Hungary receives from the EU would also be suspended and import tariffs would be re-imposed. It also means that any Hungarian citizens living in other EU member states under it's principle of the free movement of people would be deemed as illegal immigrants and be forced to apply for visas or be deported back to Hungary. As a lot of the anti-immigrant feeling within the EU stems from economic migrants from nations such as Hungary rather then refugees this might not be such a bad idea.
Tomorrow EU leaders are holding an emergency meeting to discuss the refugee crisis. One thing they should consider is whether the crisis constitutes a man-made disaster and/or a terrorist threat. If either of those things are the case it would invoke the Article I-43 solidarity clause which would suspend things like opt outs and individual nations ability to block policy.
21:30 on 21/9/15 (UK date).
Some of these fighters are believed to be members of the Division 30 (D30) group while others are suspected of being members of the Falcons of the Mountains/Suqur al-Jabal group. If this is the case then it is extremely alarming that the US is supporting such a group because they are closely linked with the Falcons of the Levant/Suqur al-Sham that went on to become the Islamic Movement of the Freemen of the Levant/Harakat Ahrar ash-Sham al-Islamiyya. Sharing obvious ideological similarities with the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) FML are the second largest faction within the Army of Conquest/Jaish al-Fatah (JAF) alongside Al Qaeda's Syrian affiliate Al Nusra Front (ANF).
The timing of this announcement really couldn't have come at a more embarrassing moment for the US. On Wednesday (16/9/15) General Lloyd Austin who commands US Central Command (CENTCOM) which in turn commands the US-led coalition - Combined Joint Task Force: Operation Inherent Resolve (CJTFOIR) - was forced to inform the US Senate Armed Services Committee that the US' backed anti-ISIL ground force which was supposed to number 4 to 5,000 by this point in fact numbered just 4 to 5.
The main reason for that General Austin had been asked to testify was to answer long standing allegations that much like the intelligence dossier that led to the 2003 invasion of Iraq CENTCOM's intelligence reports into Syria and ISIL had been "Sexed Up."
Essentially the allegation is that even as far back as 2012 the White House made clear to CENTCOM that US President Barack Obama had no interest in reading reports that contradicted his claim that there had been a popular uprising rather then a foreign backed insurgency against the Syrian government or showed that his anti-ISIL strategy was failing.
As such more then 50 intelligence analysts have formally complained that their reports were re-written at the command level to reflect Obama's political position rather then the actual situation. In response to these complaints it is said that several analysts were instructed to resign. The matter is currently under investigation by the Department of Defence's Inspector Generals Office.
Aside from the war itself there is the refugee crisis that it has created which the European Union (EU) is chaotically struggling to deal with.
On Monday (14/9/15) Interior Ministers from EU nations held an emergency meeting in Brussels, Belgium. This meeting agreed in principle for the EU to accept 120,000 refugees from Syria and distribute them in quotas across the 28 EU member states. Despite not being a member of the EU on Friday (18/9/15) Switzerland stepped up to do it's part announcing that it would accept 1,500 refugees as part of the quote system.
If this EU quota system were to get up and running in practice the next step would be to adopt the British plan of accepting the refugees directly from camps in or on the border with Syria. The main advantage of this approach is that it would remove the need for the refugees to make the crossing into Syria themselves removing the need to people smugglers.
With us all being familiar with the photographs of Aylan Kurdi drowned on a Turkish beach I don't think I need to explain how dangerous this journey is. However on Friday (18/9/15) another Syrian of about 4 or 5 washed up drowned on another Turkish beach and on Saturday (19/9/15) yet another 5 year old girl was found drowned on a beach on the Greek island of Lesbos on the otherside of the Aegean Sea. The death toll of refugees making that crossing currently stands at around 8 per day, every day. As we move towards winter and the rougher seas it brings that death toll is only going to increase.
The other main advantage of accepting refugees directly from the camps is that it allows them to be screened before they ever set foot within the EU. In the first instance this allows us to make sure that they are actually refugees fleeing persecution and war rather then economic migrants who are simply trying to cheat the system.
It also allows for background/security checks to be performed in order to make sure that no terrorist fighters are disguising themselves as refugees in order to carry out attacks in the EU. Although I think the risk of this has been massively overstated - particularly in the US - it is both prudent a necessary to carry out such checks and over the weekend we were given a prime example of why.
You may remember that on September 9th (9/9/15) the world was shocked when footage emerged showing a Hungarian journalist kicking a Syrian refugee - Osama Abdul Mohsen - who was carrying his 8 year old son to the ground. Despite being sacked from the news channel she worked for the camerawoman - Petra Laszlo - took to Facebook to claim that all the Hungarian people supported her. She signed off the statement with the words' "Heil Hitler."
As part of the outrage Abdul Mosen and his family were not only granted entry to Spain but the giants of the football world Real Madrid offered him a job at their training academy. On Saturday (19/9/15) the 8 year son - Ziad - was welcomed onto the pitch ahead of the game against Granada by global superstar Christiano Ronaldo.
It has since emerged that Osama Abdul Mohsen is not a refugee. Instead he is a fighter for ANF who fought in many battles against the Kurdish People's Protection Forces (YPG) - most notably in the battles of Serekanyie. He only fled from Syria following the YPG's liberation of the town of Tel Abyad in June. As such he is most certainly not a refugee entitled to asylum.
Unfortunately the UK has spent the last year campaigning against the EU in an effort to get it to scrap its protections on things like human rights and workers rights. So despite having a good idea rather then working within the EU to make this idea official policy the UK is instead using it's opt out from the quota system rather then counting the 20,000 Syrian refugees it is accepting towards its quota of around 5,000.
The much more significant barrier to an EU-wide response to the the refugee crisis though is the refusal to participate by Hungary, Poland, Slovakia and the Czech Republic. Unlike the UK exercising it's opt out these nations refusal prevents the program becoming policy and therefore any EU nation taking part.
Hungary's resistance to a common EU refugee policy has been particularly aggressive. On Monday (14/9/15) Hungary completed a massive fence along its border with Serbia and implemented new laws that made it illegal to enter the country without a visa. On Wednesday (16/9/15) this new policy exploded into violence as Hungarian police used tear gas, stun grenades, water cannon and armoured vehicles to attack refugees who had become trapped on the Serbia side of the border.
This Hungarian policy is wholly illegal under both EU and wider international law.
The EU is defined by its constitution as a union of members who share the values of human dignity, freedom, democracy, equality, the rule of law and respect for human rights (Article I-2). On the issue of asylum the constitution further defines these shared values as being in accordance with the 1951 Geneva Convention on the Status of Refugees as interpreted by the European Court of Human Rights (Article II-78).
Article 31 (1) of the 1951 convention prohibits nations from imposing penalties on refugees for entering their country illegally. Hungary's law imposing a two year prison sentence for illegal entry by refugees is clearly in violation of this article. Instead what Hungary must do is conduct an investigation/hearing to determine if the person is a refugee as defined by the 1967 revision to Article 1 of the convention. Under Article 16 of convention the person must be granted the full legal protections of any citizen during that investigation/hearing. In an EU member state that means the 1953 European Convention on Human Rights.
Article 6 of the 1953 convention lays out the rights of a fair trial/hearing and these include being granted adequate time and facilities to prepare their case. In June 2015 the UK governments policy of fast-track asylum policy was ruled to be illegal under the act because detention denied applicants the facilities to prepare their cases and the assessment based on a single interview was deemed insufficient for applicants to present their case. Therefore Hungary's system of detaining and then deporting asylum seekers after a single interview is equally illegal.
As such if Hungary continues with these policies it could be deemed to be in breach of the EU's values. Under Article I-59 of the constitution this could lead to Hungary being suspended from the EU. This would mean that any financial aid that Hungary receives from the EU would also be suspended and import tariffs would be re-imposed. It also means that any Hungarian citizens living in other EU member states under it's principle of the free movement of people would be deemed as illegal immigrants and be forced to apply for visas or be deported back to Hungary. As a lot of the anti-immigrant feeling within the EU stems from economic migrants from nations such as Hungary rather then refugees this might not be such a bad idea.
Tomorrow EU leaders are holding an emergency meeting to discuss the refugee crisis. One thing they should consider is whether the crisis constitutes a man-made disaster and/or a terrorist threat. If either of those things are the case it would invoke the Article I-43 solidarity clause which would suspend things like opt outs and individual nations ability to block policy.
21:30 on 21/9/15 (UK date).
Saturday, 19 September 2015
Operation Featherweight: Month 14, Week 4, Day 2.
Throughout the 13 months on this conflict I've said time and time again that the fundamental problem is that US President Barack Obama as Commander-in-Chief of Combined Joint Task Force: Operation Inherent Resolve (CJTFOIR) - as the US-led coalition is formally known - has absolutely no strategy to defeat the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL).
As such it should come as little surprise that in the 10 days since my last post on the subject very little has happened on the ground.
On Monday (14/9/15) twin ISIL suicide bombings struck positions of the Kurdish People's Protection Forces (YPG) in the north-eastern Syrian city of Hasakah killing 26 and wounding 70. You may remember that the capital of Syria's Hasakah province also marks the southern boundary of the 33,000km^2 (20,000mile^2) buffer-zone that Kurdish forces have established across northern Syria and Iraq. On Thursday (17/9/15) twin ISIL suicide bombings struck markets in the Iraqi capital Baghdad killing 23 and wounding 60.
Once you've accepted that both Iraq and Syria are war zones where bombs will go off and people will be killed these bombings are actually something of a good sign. Back in mid June ISIL launched an offensive to ultimately capture Hasakah from the YPG and then advance further into the buffer zone. By August 1st (1/8/15) the YPG had succeeded in repelling this attack and ISIL were stopped.
Likewise back in mid May ISIL had just forced the Iraqi Security Forces (ISF) from the city of Ramadi in Anbar province and were threatening to advance on Baghdad around 100km (60 miles) to the east. Since then the ISF have launched a huge operation to liberate all of Anbar province. Although this is yet to produce any big break-through it has succeeded in containing ISIL and halting their advance.
Therefore the fact that ISIL have been reduced to threatening local civilians by carrying out these terrorist attacks far behind the front-line is a sign of how much their ability to advance and move forward those front-lines has been reduced.
In what was one of the last acts of Australian Prime Minister Tony Abbott before he was replaced Australia announced on September 9th (9/9/15) that it was to expand it's role within CJTFOIR to include air-strikes in Syria. On September 12th (12/9/15) Australia conducted it's first mission in Syria but this was only a surveillance flight in which no targets were engaged. However on Wednesday (16/9/16) Australia did conduct it's first air-strikes in Syria hitting an oil collection point, an ISIL ground unit and an Armoured Personnel Carrier (APC).
Although CJTFOIR are still very opposed to me reading their press releases and quite reasonably don't provide information about which specific nation has carried out which specific air-strikes I think it is fair to assume that Australian aircraft are continuing to participate in operations in Syria.
However despite this increased capacity the frequency of air-strikes against ISIL positions in Syria remains extremely low with a total of between 3 and 6 individual bombs being dropped each day. In fact Australia's first strikes were they only strikes carried out that day highlighting just how much excess capacity CJTFOIR has.
On September 7th (7/9/15) two days prior to the Australian announcement France announced that it will begin surveillance flights over Syria bringing it a step closer to conducting air-strikes. The first of those surveillance flights was conducted within 24 hours on September 8th (8/9/15). On Tuesday (15/9/15) France indicated that it was keen to start conducting air-strikes in Syria in response to ISIL advances in the town of Marea.
Marea sits in the Syrian province of Aleppo some 30km (18 miles) north of Aleppo City and some 20km (12 miles) south of Syria's border with Turkey. ISIL actually began their advance on the town on August 27th (27/8/15). This advance which has involved the use of chemical weapons - believed to be Sulphur Mustard Gas - is the direct result of a decision Al Qaeda's Syrian affiliate Al Nusra Front (ANF) - as part of the Army of Conquest/Jaish al-Fatah (JAF) coalition - to withdraw from the area on August 9th (9/8/15).
This decision was made at Turkey's instruction and was communicated by Turkey to ANF via Islamic Movement of the Freemen of the Levant/Harakat Ahrar ash-Sham al-Islamiyya (FML) who are the second largest faction in JAF behind ANF.
Turkey's motive behind instructing ANF to withdraw was to speed up it's own plans to launch an invasion of Syria in order to shorten its supply lines to both JAF and ISIL who have become separated from Turkey by the YPG buffer zone. In the first instance this was to get around the fact that no member of the international community can provide support to JAF because ANF are listed alongside ISIL on United Nations Security Council (UNSC) resolution 2170 (2015) meaning that the World is at war with them.
In the second instance it was to allow ISIL to advance into the area allowing Turkey to better supply them and create panic amongst CJTFOIR members who would then demand that something, anything must be done. Sadly France seems to have been taken in by the second part of this plan but then they do sell large amounts of military equipment to Turkey every year.
For their part Turkey has continued with it's attacks against Kurdish positions in northern Iraq - particularly in the Dohuk region. Turkish shelling has now become an almost daily event and on Friday (18/9/15) Turkey carried out another wave of air-strikes that it claims killed 55 Kurdish fighters.
Despite being designated as the moderate opposition in Syria JAF are still displaying absolutely no interest in fighting ISIL. Instead they remain focused on ousting forces Syrian government from Aleppo and Idlib provinces with a view to advancing into the strategically important Latakia province which borders Lebanon.
They have made no significant progress since capturing the Abu al-Duhur airbase in Idlib province on September 9th (9/9/15). However over the last few days - exact dates are hard to establish - JAF have conducted a massacre of at least 55 people they captured during the operation.
It is against this backdrop that Russia is suspected on increasing it's long-standing military presence in Latakia including at least 4 advanced strike aircraft believed to be Su-33's. Russia is also said to be supplying advanced weapons to the Syrian government which seem intended to reduce their reliance on unsophisticated barrel bombs and artillery. This has prompted something of a frantic diplomatic stand-off between Russia and the US which I am in no rush to go trampling all over.
Then of course there is still the issue of the refugee crisis that this conflict has caused. Today the body of an unidentified 5 year girl washed up on the Aegean beaches of the Greek island of Lesbos with 13 others feared drowned. The current death toll from migrant drownings on the Aegean is averaging around 8 per day.
However to cover the European Union's (EU) continuingly chaotic response to the crisis I think I first need to brush up on EU constitutional law particularly as it relates to international humanitarian law. As such I will endeavour to cover it in a separate update, ideally tomorrow.
21:40 on 19/9/15 (UK date).
As such it should come as little surprise that in the 10 days since my last post on the subject very little has happened on the ground.
On Monday (14/9/15) twin ISIL suicide bombings struck positions of the Kurdish People's Protection Forces (YPG) in the north-eastern Syrian city of Hasakah killing 26 and wounding 70. You may remember that the capital of Syria's Hasakah province also marks the southern boundary of the 33,000km^2 (20,000mile^2) buffer-zone that Kurdish forces have established across northern Syria and Iraq. On Thursday (17/9/15) twin ISIL suicide bombings struck markets in the Iraqi capital Baghdad killing 23 and wounding 60.
Once you've accepted that both Iraq and Syria are war zones where bombs will go off and people will be killed these bombings are actually something of a good sign. Back in mid June ISIL launched an offensive to ultimately capture Hasakah from the YPG and then advance further into the buffer zone. By August 1st (1/8/15) the YPG had succeeded in repelling this attack and ISIL were stopped.
Likewise back in mid May ISIL had just forced the Iraqi Security Forces (ISF) from the city of Ramadi in Anbar province and were threatening to advance on Baghdad around 100km (60 miles) to the east. Since then the ISF have launched a huge operation to liberate all of Anbar province. Although this is yet to produce any big break-through it has succeeded in containing ISIL and halting their advance.
Therefore the fact that ISIL have been reduced to threatening local civilians by carrying out these terrorist attacks far behind the front-line is a sign of how much their ability to advance and move forward those front-lines has been reduced.
In what was one of the last acts of Australian Prime Minister Tony Abbott before he was replaced Australia announced on September 9th (9/9/15) that it was to expand it's role within CJTFOIR to include air-strikes in Syria. On September 12th (12/9/15) Australia conducted it's first mission in Syria but this was only a surveillance flight in which no targets were engaged. However on Wednesday (16/9/16) Australia did conduct it's first air-strikes in Syria hitting an oil collection point, an ISIL ground unit and an Armoured Personnel Carrier (APC).
Although CJTFOIR are still very opposed to me reading their press releases and quite reasonably don't provide information about which specific nation has carried out which specific air-strikes I think it is fair to assume that Australian aircraft are continuing to participate in operations in Syria.
However despite this increased capacity the frequency of air-strikes against ISIL positions in Syria remains extremely low with a total of between 3 and 6 individual bombs being dropped each day. In fact Australia's first strikes were they only strikes carried out that day highlighting just how much excess capacity CJTFOIR has.
On September 7th (7/9/15) two days prior to the Australian announcement France announced that it will begin surveillance flights over Syria bringing it a step closer to conducting air-strikes. The first of those surveillance flights was conducted within 24 hours on September 8th (8/9/15). On Tuesday (15/9/15) France indicated that it was keen to start conducting air-strikes in Syria in response to ISIL advances in the town of Marea.
Marea sits in the Syrian province of Aleppo some 30km (18 miles) north of Aleppo City and some 20km (12 miles) south of Syria's border with Turkey. ISIL actually began their advance on the town on August 27th (27/8/15). This advance which has involved the use of chemical weapons - believed to be Sulphur Mustard Gas - is the direct result of a decision Al Qaeda's Syrian affiliate Al Nusra Front (ANF) - as part of the Army of Conquest/Jaish al-Fatah (JAF) coalition - to withdraw from the area on August 9th (9/8/15).
This decision was made at Turkey's instruction and was communicated by Turkey to ANF via Islamic Movement of the Freemen of the Levant/Harakat Ahrar ash-Sham al-Islamiyya (FML) who are the second largest faction in JAF behind ANF.
Turkey's motive behind instructing ANF to withdraw was to speed up it's own plans to launch an invasion of Syria in order to shorten its supply lines to both JAF and ISIL who have become separated from Turkey by the YPG buffer zone. In the first instance this was to get around the fact that no member of the international community can provide support to JAF because ANF are listed alongside ISIL on United Nations Security Council (UNSC) resolution 2170 (2015) meaning that the World is at war with them.
In the second instance it was to allow ISIL to advance into the area allowing Turkey to better supply them and create panic amongst CJTFOIR members who would then demand that something, anything must be done. Sadly France seems to have been taken in by the second part of this plan but then they do sell large amounts of military equipment to Turkey every year.
For their part Turkey has continued with it's attacks against Kurdish positions in northern Iraq - particularly in the Dohuk region. Turkish shelling has now become an almost daily event and on Friday (18/9/15) Turkey carried out another wave of air-strikes that it claims killed 55 Kurdish fighters.
Despite being designated as the moderate opposition in Syria JAF are still displaying absolutely no interest in fighting ISIL. Instead they remain focused on ousting forces Syrian government from Aleppo and Idlib provinces with a view to advancing into the strategically important Latakia province which borders Lebanon.
They have made no significant progress since capturing the Abu al-Duhur airbase in Idlib province on September 9th (9/9/15). However over the last few days - exact dates are hard to establish - JAF have conducted a massacre of at least 55 people they captured during the operation.
It is against this backdrop that Russia is suspected on increasing it's long-standing military presence in Latakia including at least 4 advanced strike aircraft believed to be Su-33's. Russia is also said to be supplying advanced weapons to the Syrian government which seem intended to reduce their reliance on unsophisticated barrel bombs and artillery. This has prompted something of a frantic diplomatic stand-off between Russia and the US which I am in no rush to go trampling all over.
Then of course there is still the issue of the refugee crisis that this conflict has caused. Today the body of an unidentified 5 year girl washed up on the Aegean beaches of the Greek island of Lesbos with 13 others feared drowned. The current death toll from migrant drownings on the Aegean is averaging around 8 per day.
However to cover the European Union's (EU) continuingly chaotic response to the crisis I think I first need to brush up on EU constitutional law particularly as it relates to international humanitarian law. As such I will endeavour to cover it in a separate update, ideally tomorrow.
21:40 on 19/9/15 (UK date).
Thursday, 17 September 2015
Anyone For Metaphysics?
Between August 31st (31/8/15) and September 4th (4/9/15) parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) held a meeting at the UNFCCC headquarters in Bonn, Germany.
Much of the work of this meeting focused on the Ad-Hoc Working Group on the Durban Platform (ADP) that is tasked with producing a new global climate change agreement to be signed at the 21st Conference of Parties (COP21) Summit that takes place in Paris, France at the start of December.
The US took the meeting as an opportunity to disrupt the process by heightening fears that no matter how good the agreement is the US - as the world's largest emitter of Green House Gases (GHG's) - would refuse to sign up to it. The majority of this effort focused on the weakening of US President Barack Obama in the wake of the Black Lives Matter (BLM) protest movement.
Amid people who operate their own courts, their own police forces and their own intelligence agencies it is widely accepted that BLM is a false protest movement - "AstroTurf" rather then "Grassroots" - which is being orchestrated by Obama's Democrat Party. The idea being that it would create a wave of anti-racist feeling that the Democrats could ride to victory in the November 2014 mid-term elections gaining in control of both houses of Congress. In reality it backfired badly with the Republican Party achieving their biggest majority in Congress since the Second World War.
Following the execution of a police officer in Harris County, Texas on August 28th (28/8/15) which although not directly planned was linked to the BLM protests the local police chief called on America's "silent majority" to rally around and support the police. Looking at the results of the mid-term elections I'm inclined to say that the silent majority has already spoken loudly and clearly. It's just that Obama refused to listen.
If the protests, riots and murders of police officers continue then I think it is fair to assume that Obama's popularity is going to continue to collapse. That means that it is going to be extremely unlikely that he will be able to get a climate change deal through Congress.
During that week we got a clear example of Obama's problem when he excitedly announced that he had secured enough votes in Congress to go ahead with the agreement over Iran's nuclear program. However this does not mean that Congress would vote to pass the agreement. Instead it meant that Obama had just succeeded in talking enough members of his own party into not rebelling against him by voting for Congressional legislation which would have prevented Obama putting the Iran deal into action by executive order.
The mere presence of BLM is something of an insult to the UNFCCC because if Obama is going to all this trouble to establish an AstroTurf protest movement he could be supporting a movement that calls for action on climate change. For example US popstar Pharrell Williams was trying to organise a series of "Live 8" style concerts to draw attention to the climate change issue over the summer but had to drop the idea due to a lack of support. Although I was able to swoop in and steal the glory during Live 8 in 2005 I am well aware that the movement for international debt relief actually began all the way back in 1997 with the election of Tony Blair's Labour government in the UK.
Aside from causing offence and raising questions over Obama's ability to pass legislation BLM also poses serious questions over whether Obama even understands the concepts of good governance that will be core to a successful agreement.
Although there is still extensive debate over whether this new agreement will be classed as a legal instrument it does seem to share many elements with civil law and in particular contract law. As with criminal law which tends to steal all the headlines the central principle civil law is that it provides equity and protection to the honest people from the dishonest people.
A completely unglamourous example would be a wholesaler who sells goods to a retailer on credit. If the retailer fails to pay up on time or at all in a country with a strong legal system the wholesaler knows they can take the the retailer to a court which will order them to either return the goods or pay their debt. If the retailer still refuses the court can send in Sheriffs/Bailiffs to recover the debt by force and ultimately the retailer could go to prison for contempt of court.
Without this assurance that the law will protect the honest business owner the entire system of credit would cease to exist and the economy would grind to a halt. An example that is particularly relevant to climate change negotiations are electricity markets which are overwhelmingly run on credit with people using what they need and then paying for it at a later date.
In every single one of the cases related to BLM Obama and the Democrats have seen fit to completely disregard this system of legal protection in order to gain some perceived political advantage. However the one the US focused on particularly during the Bonn meeting was the Freddie Gray case in Baltimore which I've written about extensively.
At the centre of this story there is Baltimore's State Attorney or lead prosecutor Marilyn Mosby who is an elected member of Obama's Democrat Party. She is married to Nick Mosby who is also a Democrat elected to the Baltimore city council for the district in which Freddie Gray lived and died. Nick Mosby is up for re-election in - I think - November of this year.
In what can be seen as an attempt to assist with her husband's re-election campaign on May 1st (1/5/15) Marilyn Mosby gave a theatrical press conference in which she accused three white police officers of inventing a story of Gray carrying an illegal knife in order to illegally arrest him. She went on to claim that these three officers had conspired with the three black officers who were tasked with transporting Gray to jail to injure him resulting in his death. Ms Mosby then ordered that all six officers be immediately arrested.
This order to arrest immediately disregarded a legal protection laid down in the 5th Amendment to the US Constitution which prevents a person being held for such a crime unless they have been indicted by a Grand Jury.
When the case did finally make it to a Grand Jury the accusation that Gray had been illegally arrested was dismissed immediately. This should have been the end of the case against the three white officers because they were not physically in contact with Gray at the time it is claimed he sustained his injuries and they had no duty of care over him. With them acting totally lawfully there was also no motive for them to conspire to injure Gray with the three black officers who did have both physical contact and a duty of care. However under Ms Mosby's direction the Grand Jury decided to indict all six officers anyway.
Mid-way through the Bonn meeting on September 2nd (2/9/15) a Baltimore Court ruled on three motions brought by the defence in the case. The first of these asked for Ms Mosby to be removed from the case. Given Mr Mosby's re-election campaign and Ms Mosby's clear disregard for the law by ordering the arrests prior to a Grand Jury indictment you would think that Judge Barry Williams would grant this motion. However he denied it.
The second motion called for the trial to be moved away from Baltimore because the intense media coverage and the rioting made it impossible for a fair trial to take place. Given that the Grand Jury had clearly ruled that there was no case for the three, arresting white officers to answer but indicted them anyway - the very definition of an unfair trial - you would think that again Judge Williams would grant this motion. Again though he denied it.
The third motion called for the 6 defendants to be tried separately. As the issue of conspiracy is core to the prosecution's case it should have been impossible for Judge Williams to grant this motion. However grant it he did. Rather then acting impartially as he should have done here Judge Williams appears to have abused his position to assist the prosecution.
If a defence can quite clearly show a jury that the case against three of the defendants is both false and malicious - as can be done here - it becomes extremely difficult for the prosecution to convince that same jury that it's telling the truth and the other three defendants are guilty. Separate trials means separate juries and therefore less chance of the flaws in Ms Mosby's case being picked up on.
Alongside the behaviour of Ms Mosby and Judge W. Michel Pierson's decision to deny the defendants a plea hearing back in July these latest rulings by Judge Williams certainly give the impression that the justice system in Baltimore is utterly rotten to the core - beholden to the whims and corruptions of local politicians rather then the law which is supposed to protect against such things.
The US Federal Department of Justice (DoJ) decided to end off the week by announcing that it will be seeking the death penalty for Dylann Roof over June's mass shooting in Charleston, South Carolina. Roof's best defence to this allegation is that due to the law's failure in cases such as that of Freddie Gray and in particular the Micheal Slager case, also in South Carolina, his actions were both lawful and necessary in order to protect the wider public.
With the US kicking out hard against efforts to combat climate change it seems that the environment has decided to kick back with a deluge of its own.
Although all the 165 nations signed up to the UNFCCC can and do insist on thinking for themselves there are a number of almost cliques within negotiations. At the centre of one of these is the US while at the centre of another is China.
Through his "Pivot Towards the Pacific" Obama has made undermining China's economic development one of the core policies of his Presidency. Towards the west this involved doing trade and security deals with nations such as Myanmar (Burma), Thailand and Vietnam. Whilst in the east it is focused on the rivalry between China and Japan particularly over a series of islands in the East China Seas.
On September 10th (10/9/15) during a meeting of the UNFCCC's Technical Experts Committee (TEC), also in Bonn Japan experienced some of the worst flooding in a generation with more the 3 million people having to be evacuated across 10 Prefectures (roughly counties) and at least 27 killed.
Although we can't yet definitely say that this flooding was the result of climate change we do know that the melting of global ice stores such as glaciers has increased the amount of water in the system - known as the hydrosphere. This extra water is going to fall as rain somewhere and because rain laden clouds move more slowly and not as far it could prevent rain falling in areas that need it such as California on the US' Pacific coast.
As such the environment seemed to be giving the US a stark reminder of the dangers of continuing to block action on climate change in a country that the US claims it's committed to defending against the evil China. It could also highlight China's island building. Although clearly not environmentally friendly this practice of building new islands could offer a solution to other Pacific islands that face being lost to rising sea levels. Albeit an extremely expensive one.
Another major threat to a climate change agreement is Saudi Arabia and its efforts to rebuild the Islamic world in its own image. So far this has affected Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Yemen, Somalia, Egypt, Libya, Tunisia, Nigeria, Cameroon, Mali, Kenya and Ethiopia. Those sub-Saharan African nations in particular have a lot to gain from signing up to a functioning climate change agreement. If there is no agreement they stand to lose a lot from the effects of climate change but as a happy side-effect action to prevent climate change will also help with their economic and social development.
However it is difficult to get politicians in those nations to consider those long-term benefits when in the immediate term Saudi Arabia is threatening to send the terrorists round to blow up markets, refugee camps and shopping malls in any nation that dares to sign up to an agreement that might hurt the al-Saud's profit margins.
On September 11th (11/9/15) - the 14th anniversary of the 9/11 terrorist attacks on the US - an extreme storm caused a construction crane operated by the bin Laden construction group to collapse onto Mecca's Grand Mosque killing 118 Muslims who were making the Hajj pilgrimage to Islam's holiest site. To me that seemed a very clear sign that Saudi Arabia's terrorist infused building plans need to be struck down.
Then of course there has been the recent unrest over the Al-Asqa/Temple Mount complex in Jerusalem.
All Jews, Christians and Muslims believe that God created the universe by establishing the Garden of Eden. The entire earth and then the universe then expanded out from that site. It is believed that the Garden of Eden once stood where the Al-Asqa Mosque now stands atop of the Temple Mount making it the most important site in Judaism and one of the most important sites in Christianity. Rather conveniently Muslims also believe that it was from this site that the Prophet Mohamed's spirit ascended into heaven making it the third most holy site in Islam behind Mecca and Medina.
Since the 1967 war the Al-Asqa/Temple Mount complex has become almost a symbol for the entire Israeli occupation of Palestine. The mentality very much being that if Muslims can keep Jews from praying at the site it will maintain Jerusalem and Palestine's identity as a Islamic, Arab state rather then one that has been swallowed up by an ever expanding Jewish state. Unfortunately it has also started to pick up the more nasty elements of the Palestinian cause which in recent years has shifted away from being pro-Palestinian into a darker and more nihilistic anti-Jews campaign.
For example this latest round of unrest has been caused almost exclusively by Palestinians who used Al-Asqa Mosque to stockpile weapons in order to attack Jews who wished to visit - not pray at - the site during the holy period of New Year (Rosh Hashanah).
The way that Saudi Arabia and their mini-me Turkish President Erdogan have piled on demanding that action is taken against Israel over what are primarily Palestinian violations of the holy site highlights the way that the Palestinian cause has been hijacked as part of the al-Saud's attempts to re-make the Islamic world.
Meanwhile in Yemen Saudi Arabia is treating Muslims in a way that would make even Israel blush and none of those billions of dollars pledged to help re-build Gaza have actually turned up.
Whilst most Christians believe in the importance of Jerusalem there is still the Church Latter-day Saints aka; "The Mormons." Specifically the "Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints" founded by Warren Jeffs. While they believe that God created the Garden of Eden and then the universe they don't believe this happened in Jerusalem. Instead they believe that it happened in the US state of Utah.
On Tuesday (15/9/15) flash flooding tore through the area killing 12 members of the Jeff Sect along with 4 hikers in the near-by Mount Zion National Park. Unlike other places in the US named after Mount Zion this isn't a reference to Jerusalem. Instead the Mormons believe the national park actually contains Mount Zion. I suspect flash flooding in Jerusalem to pour cold water on the Al-Asqa/Temple Mount unrest would have been a bit too biblical even for the Bible.
At around 16:00 on 17/9/15 (UK date) I haven't even got onto the weird bit yet. I have though given myself a headache so I'll continue after dinner.
Edited at around 19:00 on 17/9/15 (UK date) to add;
Last night saw the second Republican leadership in California, US. Judging by the way Obama and the Democrats are going one of the people in last night's debate will be the next President of the US. However the only one prepared to mention the climate change issue was Ted Cruz and unfortunately he only did so to disagree with the top climate scientists from 191 nations including the US to deny that it was happening.
Mid-way through the so-called "Undercard" debate before the main candidates took the stage a magnitude 8.3 earthquake struck just off the coast of Chile close to the capital Santiago. Even though Chile is used to earthquakes 8.3 is the sort of magnitude that makes sit up an pay attention.
This is exactly what the Chilean authorities did evacuating around a million people from the area. The earthquake also triggered a Tsunami warning for the Pacific region including nations as far away as New Zealand and the US state of California where the debate was being held and Obama's home state of Hawaii.
Although I'd long since gone to bed I suspect that behind the scenes of last night's debate there were a lot of people in TV studios holding their breath to find out if they'd have to frantically cut away from the debate to cover the emerging humanitarian disaster.
While I think it's hard to argue that earthquakes are influenced by climate change a tsunami is simply a dramatic rise in sea level. So if climate change does lead to a permenant 15ft (4.7m) rise in sea levels we now know what the coast of Chile is going to be left looking like.
Although we're not exactly sure what triggers earthquakes under the Pacific there is what is known as the "Ring of Fire" which sees several tectonic plates all rubbing up against each other causing frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. Over the past week there has been a lot of activity in Japan with the eruption of the Mount Aso volcano.
It's not a huge leap of logic to suspect that a dramatic shift on the Pacific plate on which Japan sits would have a knock on effect on the Nazca plate which was responsible for last night's earthquake. If that is the case then it certainly provides another link to Japan and Obama's "Pivot Towards the Pacific."
Obviously suggesting that the environment can participate in a human discussion about its future sounds more then a little bit crazy. However due to something known as "Quantum Field Theory" it is not entirely beyond the realms of possibility.
Largely proved by the discovery of the Higgs-Boson particle Quantum Field Theory proposes that everything in the universe exists as part of an almost force-field made up of tiny, sub-atomic particles. There is still some debate as to whether these particles contain at their core resonating strings of energy.
Although it's quite a hard concept to get your head around unless you're Stephen Hawking you can almost think of it as being submerged in a swimming pool with the particles acting as the water. Rather like with water in a swimming pool a small movement in the field could ripple through and have a much larger effect elsewhere.
The US has previously tried to confuse climate change negotiations with Quantum Feild Theory by suggesting that it rather then global warming is responsible. Specifically they tried to get everyone studying the popstar Rihanna during her 2013 Diamonds World Tour in order to determine if her various mood swings during that very stressful tour triggered any extreme weather events. Rihanna is scheduled to perform in Santigago, Chile on September 29th (29/9/15).
This rather batty theory that Rihanna controls the weather with her moods stems from her 2007 breakthrough hit "Umbrella" which stayed at number 1 in the UK charts for 10 weeks throughout a humid, wet and miserable summer.
As most UK summers since then have been humid,wet and miserable I'm inclined to think that this was caused by climate change. However it was suggested - largely as a joke - that all the people humming the song's "It's raining, raining, raining" chorus caused it to rain. This has been termed the "Rihanna Curse."
So the theory has never been that Rihanna controls the weather with her moods. Instead it's that all her fans, and people who just happened to hear her on the radio, all thinking the same thing at the same time caused a ripple in the Quantum Field altering the weather. After all thought is just a form of electrical energy.
If we're going do this route to explain the recent weather events then we must also consider that all of the world's Jews have just marked the new year and are preparing for Yom Kippur - the day of atonement. Meanwhile all of the world's Muslims have been preparing for Eid al-Adha- day of sacrifice - which coincides with the Hajj pilgrimage season. Catholic Christians meanwhile are preparing for the Pope's visit to the US and South America where he is absolutely huge.
So during this time literally billions of people have been quietly looking towards the same God for guidance. Perhaps these weather events have been God's answer.
To my mind though that poses even more questions such as; "Does God Exist?" and "If God exists maybe it's not as some old bearded dude sitting on a cloud but as the pure energy within the universe that makes up the quantum field?" After all in the book of Exodus God is said to have appeared to Moses as a burning bush. Maybe Moses was inspired by this sight rather then the bush literally speaking to him?
Or maybe God does exist as an old bearded dude sitting on a cloud in the heavens having created the entire universe including the quantum field?
So in summary; I've done absolutely no work on the ADP text because I've been trying to get my head around all this.
20:30 on 17/9/15 (UK date).
Much of the work of this meeting focused on the Ad-Hoc Working Group on the Durban Platform (ADP) that is tasked with producing a new global climate change agreement to be signed at the 21st Conference of Parties (COP21) Summit that takes place in Paris, France at the start of December.
The US took the meeting as an opportunity to disrupt the process by heightening fears that no matter how good the agreement is the US - as the world's largest emitter of Green House Gases (GHG's) - would refuse to sign up to it. The majority of this effort focused on the weakening of US President Barack Obama in the wake of the Black Lives Matter (BLM) protest movement.
Amid people who operate their own courts, their own police forces and their own intelligence agencies it is widely accepted that BLM is a false protest movement - "AstroTurf" rather then "Grassroots" - which is being orchestrated by Obama's Democrat Party. The idea being that it would create a wave of anti-racist feeling that the Democrats could ride to victory in the November 2014 mid-term elections gaining in control of both houses of Congress. In reality it backfired badly with the Republican Party achieving their biggest majority in Congress since the Second World War.
Following the execution of a police officer in Harris County, Texas on August 28th (28/8/15) which although not directly planned was linked to the BLM protests the local police chief called on America's "silent majority" to rally around and support the police. Looking at the results of the mid-term elections I'm inclined to say that the silent majority has already spoken loudly and clearly. It's just that Obama refused to listen.
If the protests, riots and murders of police officers continue then I think it is fair to assume that Obama's popularity is going to continue to collapse. That means that it is going to be extremely unlikely that he will be able to get a climate change deal through Congress.
During that week we got a clear example of Obama's problem when he excitedly announced that he had secured enough votes in Congress to go ahead with the agreement over Iran's nuclear program. However this does not mean that Congress would vote to pass the agreement. Instead it meant that Obama had just succeeded in talking enough members of his own party into not rebelling against him by voting for Congressional legislation which would have prevented Obama putting the Iran deal into action by executive order.
The mere presence of BLM is something of an insult to the UNFCCC because if Obama is going to all this trouble to establish an AstroTurf protest movement he could be supporting a movement that calls for action on climate change. For example US popstar Pharrell Williams was trying to organise a series of "Live 8" style concerts to draw attention to the climate change issue over the summer but had to drop the idea due to a lack of support. Although I was able to swoop in and steal the glory during Live 8 in 2005 I am well aware that the movement for international debt relief actually began all the way back in 1997 with the election of Tony Blair's Labour government in the UK.
Aside from causing offence and raising questions over Obama's ability to pass legislation BLM also poses serious questions over whether Obama even understands the concepts of good governance that will be core to a successful agreement.
Although there is still extensive debate over whether this new agreement will be classed as a legal instrument it does seem to share many elements with civil law and in particular contract law. As with criminal law which tends to steal all the headlines the central principle civil law is that it provides equity and protection to the honest people from the dishonest people.
A completely unglamourous example would be a wholesaler who sells goods to a retailer on credit. If the retailer fails to pay up on time or at all in a country with a strong legal system the wholesaler knows they can take the the retailer to a court which will order them to either return the goods or pay their debt. If the retailer still refuses the court can send in Sheriffs/Bailiffs to recover the debt by force and ultimately the retailer could go to prison for contempt of court.
Without this assurance that the law will protect the honest business owner the entire system of credit would cease to exist and the economy would grind to a halt. An example that is particularly relevant to climate change negotiations are electricity markets which are overwhelmingly run on credit with people using what they need and then paying for it at a later date.
In every single one of the cases related to BLM Obama and the Democrats have seen fit to completely disregard this system of legal protection in order to gain some perceived political advantage. However the one the US focused on particularly during the Bonn meeting was the Freddie Gray case in Baltimore which I've written about extensively.
At the centre of this story there is Baltimore's State Attorney or lead prosecutor Marilyn Mosby who is an elected member of Obama's Democrat Party. She is married to Nick Mosby who is also a Democrat elected to the Baltimore city council for the district in which Freddie Gray lived and died. Nick Mosby is up for re-election in - I think - November of this year.
In what can be seen as an attempt to assist with her husband's re-election campaign on May 1st (1/5/15) Marilyn Mosby gave a theatrical press conference in which she accused three white police officers of inventing a story of Gray carrying an illegal knife in order to illegally arrest him. She went on to claim that these three officers had conspired with the three black officers who were tasked with transporting Gray to jail to injure him resulting in his death. Ms Mosby then ordered that all six officers be immediately arrested.
This order to arrest immediately disregarded a legal protection laid down in the 5th Amendment to the US Constitution which prevents a person being held for such a crime unless they have been indicted by a Grand Jury.
When the case did finally make it to a Grand Jury the accusation that Gray had been illegally arrested was dismissed immediately. This should have been the end of the case against the three white officers because they were not physically in contact with Gray at the time it is claimed he sustained his injuries and they had no duty of care over him. With them acting totally lawfully there was also no motive for them to conspire to injure Gray with the three black officers who did have both physical contact and a duty of care. However under Ms Mosby's direction the Grand Jury decided to indict all six officers anyway.
Mid-way through the Bonn meeting on September 2nd (2/9/15) a Baltimore Court ruled on three motions brought by the defence in the case. The first of these asked for Ms Mosby to be removed from the case. Given Mr Mosby's re-election campaign and Ms Mosby's clear disregard for the law by ordering the arrests prior to a Grand Jury indictment you would think that Judge Barry Williams would grant this motion. However he denied it.
The second motion called for the trial to be moved away from Baltimore because the intense media coverage and the rioting made it impossible for a fair trial to take place. Given that the Grand Jury had clearly ruled that there was no case for the three, arresting white officers to answer but indicted them anyway - the very definition of an unfair trial - you would think that again Judge Williams would grant this motion. Again though he denied it.
The third motion called for the 6 defendants to be tried separately. As the issue of conspiracy is core to the prosecution's case it should have been impossible for Judge Williams to grant this motion. However grant it he did. Rather then acting impartially as he should have done here Judge Williams appears to have abused his position to assist the prosecution.
If a defence can quite clearly show a jury that the case against three of the defendants is both false and malicious - as can be done here - it becomes extremely difficult for the prosecution to convince that same jury that it's telling the truth and the other three defendants are guilty. Separate trials means separate juries and therefore less chance of the flaws in Ms Mosby's case being picked up on.
Alongside the behaviour of Ms Mosby and Judge W. Michel Pierson's decision to deny the defendants a plea hearing back in July these latest rulings by Judge Williams certainly give the impression that the justice system in Baltimore is utterly rotten to the core - beholden to the whims and corruptions of local politicians rather then the law which is supposed to protect against such things.
The US Federal Department of Justice (DoJ) decided to end off the week by announcing that it will be seeking the death penalty for Dylann Roof over June's mass shooting in Charleston, South Carolina. Roof's best defence to this allegation is that due to the law's failure in cases such as that of Freddie Gray and in particular the Micheal Slager case, also in South Carolina, his actions were both lawful and necessary in order to protect the wider public.
With the US kicking out hard against efforts to combat climate change it seems that the environment has decided to kick back with a deluge of its own.
Although all the 165 nations signed up to the UNFCCC can and do insist on thinking for themselves there are a number of almost cliques within negotiations. At the centre of one of these is the US while at the centre of another is China.
Through his "Pivot Towards the Pacific" Obama has made undermining China's economic development one of the core policies of his Presidency. Towards the west this involved doing trade and security deals with nations such as Myanmar (Burma), Thailand and Vietnam. Whilst in the east it is focused on the rivalry between China and Japan particularly over a series of islands in the East China Seas.
On September 10th (10/9/15) during a meeting of the UNFCCC's Technical Experts Committee (TEC), also in Bonn Japan experienced some of the worst flooding in a generation with more the 3 million people having to be evacuated across 10 Prefectures (roughly counties) and at least 27 killed.
Although we can't yet definitely say that this flooding was the result of climate change we do know that the melting of global ice stores such as glaciers has increased the amount of water in the system - known as the hydrosphere. This extra water is going to fall as rain somewhere and because rain laden clouds move more slowly and not as far it could prevent rain falling in areas that need it such as California on the US' Pacific coast.
As such the environment seemed to be giving the US a stark reminder of the dangers of continuing to block action on climate change in a country that the US claims it's committed to defending against the evil China. It could also highlight China's island building. Although clearly not environmentally friendly this practice of building new islands could offer a solution to other Pacific islands that face being lost to rising sea levels. Albeit an extremely expensive one.
Another major threat to a climate change agreement is Saudi Arabia and its efforts to rebuild the Islamic world in its own image. So far this has affected Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Yemen, Somalia, Egypt, Libya, Tunisia, Nigeria, Cameroon, Mali, Kenya and Ethiopia. Those sub-Saharan African nations in particular have a lot to gain from signing up to a functioning climate change agreement. If there is no agreement they stand to lose a lot from the effects of climate change but as a happy side-effect action to prevent climate change will also help with their economic and social development.
However it is difficult to get politicians in those nations to consider those long-term benefits when in the immediate term Saudi Arabia is threatening to send the terrorists round to blow up markets, refugee camps and shopping malls in any nation that dares to sign up to an agreement that might hurt the al-Saud's profit margins.
On September 11th (11/9/15) - the 14th anniversary of the 9/11 terrorist attacks on the US - an extreme storm caused a construction crane operated by the bin Laden construction group to collapse onto Mecca's Grand Mosque killing 118 Muslims who were making the Hajj pilgrimage to Islam's holiest site. To me that seemed a very clear sign that Saudi Arabia's terrorist infused building plans need to be struck down.
Then of course there has been the recent unrest over the Al-Asqa/Temple Mount complex in Jerusalem.
All Jews, Christians and Muslims believe that God created the universe by establishing the Garden of Eden. The entire earth and then the universe then expanded out from that site. It is believed that the Garden of Eden once stood where the Al-Asqa Mosque now stands atop of the Temple Mount making it the most important site in Judaism and one of the most important sites in Christianity. Rather conveniently Muslims also believe that it was from this site that the Prophet Mohamed's spirit ascended into heaven making it the third most holy site in Islam behind Mecca and Medina.
Since the 1967 war the Al-Asqa/Temple Mount complex has become almost a symbol for the entire Israeli occupation of Palestine. The mentality very much being that if Muslims can keep Jews from praying at the site it will maintain Jerusalem and Palestine's identity as a Islamic, Arab state rather then one that has been swallowed up by an ever expanding Jewish state. Unfortunately it has also started to pick up the more nasty elements of the Palestinian cause which in recent years has shifted away from being pro-Palestinian into a darker and more nihilistic anti-Jews campaign.
For example this latest round of unrest has been caused almost exclusively by Palestinians who used Al-Asqa Mosque to stockpile weapons in order to attack Jews who wished to visit - not pray at - the site during the holy period of New Year (Rosh Hashanah).
The way that Saudi Arabia and their mini-me Turkish President Erdogan have piled on demanding that action is taken against Israel over what are primarily Palestinian violations of the holy site highlights the way that the Palestinian cause has been hijacked as part of the al-Saud's attempts to re-make the Islamic world.
Meanwhile in Yemen Saudi Arabia is treating Muslims in a way that would make even Israel blush and none of those billions of dollars pledged to help re-build Gaza have actually turned up.
Whilst most Christians believe in the importance of Jerusalem there is still the Church Latter-day Saints aka; "The Mormons." Specifically the "Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints" founded by Warren Jeffs. While they believe that God created the Garden of Eden and then the universe they don't believe this happened in Jerusalem. Instead they believe that it happened in the US state of Utah.
On Tuesday (15/9/15) flash flooding tore through the area killing 12 members of the Jeff Sect along with 4 hikers in the near-by Mount Zion National Park. Unlike other places in the US named after Mount Zion this isn't a reference to Jerusalem. Instead the Mormons believe the national park actually contains Mount Zion. I suspect flash flooding in Jerusalem to pour cold water on the Al-Asqa/Temple Mount unrest would have been a bit too biblical even for the Bible.
At around 16:00 on 17/9/15 (UK date) I haven't even got onto the weird bit yet. I have though given myself a headache so I'll continue after dinner.
Edited at around 19:00 on 17/9/15 (UK date) to add;
Last night saw the second Republican leadership in California, US. Judging by the way Obama and the Democrats are going one of the people in last night's debate will be the next President of the US. However the only one prepared to mention the climate change issue was Ted Cruz and unfortunately he only did so to disagree with the top climate scientists from 191 nations including the US to deny that it was happening.
Mid-way through the so-called "Undercard" debate before the main candidates took the stage a magnitude 8.3 earthquake struck just off the coast of Chile close to the capital Santiago. Even though Chile is used to earthquakes 8.3 is the sort of magnitude that makes sit up an pay attention.
This is exactly what the Chilean authorities did evacuating around a million people from the area. The earthquake also triggered a Tsunami warning for the Pacific region including nations as far away as New Zealand and the US state of California where the debate was being held and Obama's home state of Hawaii.
Although I'd long since gone to bed I suspect that behind the scenes of last night's debate there were a lot of people in TV studios holding their breath to find out if they'd have to frantically cut away from the debate to cover the emerging humanitarian disaster.
While I think it's hard to argue that earthquakes are influenced by climate change a tsunami is simply a dramatic rise in sea level. So if climate change does lead to a permenant 15ft (4.7m) rise in sea levels we now know what the coast of Chile is going to be left looking like.
Although we're not exactly sure what triggers earthquakes under the Pacific there is what is known as the "Ring of Fire" which sees several tectonic plates all rubbing up against each other causing frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. Over the past week there has been a lot of activity in Japan with the eruption of the Mount Aso volcano.
It's not a huge leap of logic to suspect that a dramatic shift on the Pacific plate on which Japan sits would have a knock on effect on the Nazca plate which was responsible for last night's earthquake. If that is the case then it certainly provides another link to Japan and Obama's "Pivot Towards the Pacific."
Obviously suggesting that the environment can participate in a human discussion about its future sounds more then a little bit crazy. However due to something known as "Quantum Field Theory" it is not entirely beyond the realms of possibility.
Largely proved by the discovery of the Higgs-Boson particle Quantum Field Theory proposes that everything in the universe exists as part of an almost force-field made up of tiny, sub-atomic particles. There is still some debate as to whether these particles contain at their core resonating strings of energy.
Although it's quite a hard concept to get your head around unless you're Stephen Hawking you can almost think of it as being submerged in a swimming pool with the particles acting as the water. Rather like with water in a swimming pool a small movement in the field could ripple through and have a much larger effect elsewhere.
The US has previously tried to confuse climate change negotiations with Quantum Feild Theory by suggesting that it rather then global warming is responsible. Specifically they tried to get everyone studying the popstar Rihanna during her 2013 Diamonds World Tour in order to determine if her various mood swings during that very stressful tour triggered any extreme weather events. Rihanna is scheduled to perform in Santigago, Chile on September 29th (29/9/15).
This rather batty theory that Rihanna controls the weather with her moods stems from her 2007 breakthrough hit "Umbrella" which stayed at number 1 in the UK charts for 10 weeks throughout a humid, wet and miserable summer.
As most UK summers since then have been humid,wet and miserable I'm inclined to think that this was caused by climate change. However it was suggested - largely as a joke - that all the people humming the song's "It's raining, raining, raining" chorus caused it to rain. This has been termed the "Rihanna Curse."
So the theory has never been that Rihanna controls the weather with her moods. Instead it's that all her fans, and people who just happened to hear her on the radio, all thinking the same thing at the same time caused a ripple in the Quantum Field altering the weather. After all thought is just a form of electrical energy.
If we're going do this route to explain the recent weather events then we must also consider that all of the world's Jews have just marked the new year and are preparing for Yom Kippur - the day of atonement. Meanwhile all of the world's Muslims have been preparing for Eid al-Adha- day of sacrifice - which coincides with the Hajj pilgrimage season. Catholic Christians meanwhile are preparing for the Pope's visit to the US and South America where he is absolutely huge.
So during this time literally billions of people have been quietly looking towards the same God for guidance. Perhaps these weather events have been God's answer.
To my mind though that poses even more questions such as; "Does God Exist?" and "If God exists maybe it's not as some old bearded dude sitting on a cloud but as the pure energy within the universe that makes up the quantum field?" After all in the book of Exodus God is said to have appeared to Moses as a burning bush. Maybe Moses was inspired by this sight rather then the bush literally speaking to him?
Or maybe God does exist as an old bearded dude sitting on a cloud in the heavens having created the entire universe including the quantum field?
So in summary; I've done absolutely no work on the ADP text because I've been trying to get my head around all this.
20:30 on 17/9/15 (UK date).
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)
